Asan Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Asan Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary, is a relatively lesser-known sanctuary in Uttarakhand but is a hidden gem for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers. It is located on the banks of the Asan River, a tributary of the Yamuna River. The sanctuary lies approximately 11 kilometres from the Dehradun city centre and is part of the Dehradun district.

The sanctuary occupies a modest area of about 340 square kilometres and is surrounded by lush green forests, valleys, and diverse flora and fauna. The proximity to the capital city makes it an easily accessible wildlife destination for tourists and researchers alike. The Asan Barrage, a man-made reservoir formed by the construction of a dam on the Asan River, is the primary attraction of the sanctuary. The barrage is an essential part of the region's irrigation system, and it also helps in flood control.

The sanctuary is situated at an altitude ranging from 500 to 2,000 feet above sea level, which contributes to its diverse ecosystem. The climate here is temperate, with pleasant summers and cold winters, which makes it a desirable destination for visitors throughout the year.

History

The history of Asan Wildlife Sanctuary is rooted in the need for conservation and preservation of natural habitats in the region. The area was initially used for the construction of the Asan Barrage, which was built by the Uttar Pradesh Irrigation Department in 1967. Over time, the surrounding forests became an important sanctuary for local wildlife, and in 1994, the region was officially recognized as a wildlife sanctuary.

The primary reason for establishing the sanctuary was to conserve the habitat of the migratory birds that visit the area, particularly during the winter season. The Asan Barrage and its surrounding wetlands have become an essential stopover for numerous species of birds, especially waterfowl. The region's rich biodiversity, combined with its location on important bird migration routes, led to its inclusion in the list of protected wildlife areas in the country.

The sanctuary also holds historical significance for researchers and nature lovers due to its mix of flora, fauna, and the ecological importance of the Asan Barrage. Over the years, the sanctuary has gained recognition as a key site for wildlife conservation and environmental awareness in the region.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Asan Wildlife Sanctuary depends largely on the type of experience you seek. However, generally, the most favorable time to visit is during the winter months from November to February.

• Winter (November to February): During these months, the weather is cool and comfortable, with temperatures ranging between 5°C to 20°C. This is also the peak time for birdwatching as migratory birds from different parts of the world flock to the sanctuary. The region becomes a haven for bird enthusiasts, with species like the Siberian Crane, Northern Pintail, Mallard Duck, and several other waterfowl species arriving to breed and rest.
• Spring (March to April): Spring is also a great time to visit, with temperatures ranging between 15°C to 30°C. The sanctuary begins to come alive with blossoming flowers, and the vegetation is lush and green. Although fewer migratory birds are present, the local wildlife is more visible, including species like the Indian Peafowl, wild boar, leopards, and more.
• Summer (May to June): Summer can be quite warm, with temperatures soaring up to 35°C. The sanctuary can get hot and dry, making it less ideal for long outdoor activities. However, the early mornings and evenings are still enjoyable, and the region remains lush and vibrant. Wildlife sightings are possible during these cooler times of the day, but it's best to avoid peak summer heat for extended visits.
• Monsoon (July to September): The monsoon season brings heavy rains to the region, with temperatures ranging from 25°C to 30°C. The sanctuary becomes very humid, and the terrain can be slippery and difficult for trekking and exploration. However, this season offers a vibrant landscape as the flora thrives with the rain, although wildlife sightings might be less frequent due to the thick vegetation and rainfall.
• Autumn (October): October offers moderate temperatures and is the beginning of the migratory season. Many species of birds start arriving, and the weather remains pleasant, with daytime temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C. It’s an excellent month for birdwatching and experiencing the natural beauty of the sanctuary before the cold sets in.

Attractions

Asan Wildlife Sanctuary offers a range of attractions for nature lovers, wildlife enthusiasts, and birdwatchers.

• Asan Barrage: The Asan Barrage is the primary attraction of the sanctuary. This large reservoir is an ideal spot for birdwatching, as it attracts a wide variety of migratory and resident bird species. The reservoir is surrounded by rich wetlands, which support a thriving ecosystem of aquatic plants and fish. The sight of flocks of migratory birds in the winter months, including ducks, cranes, and other waterfowl, is a major draw for visitors.
• Birdwatching: Asan Wildlife Sanctuary is renowned for its birdwatching opportunities. The sanctuary lies on an important migratory route for birds traveling from the colder regions of Central Asia, Siberia, and the Himalayas. Over 300 species of birds, including migratory and resident varieties, can be spotted here. The sanctuary is home to many rare and endangered species, making it a paradise for bird watchers.
  Some of the notable bird species include:
  • Siberian Crane
  • Northern Pintail
  • Mallard Duck
  • Indian Peafowl
  • Common Redshank
  • Black-headed Ibis
• Wildlife Safari: Though the sanctuary is better known for its birdlife, it is also home to various terrestrial animals, including wild boars, leopards, sambar deer, barking deer, and monkeys. Visitors can explore the sanctuary's lush forests and open meadows in search of these elusive creatures.
• Nature Trails and Trekking: Asan Wildlife Sanctuary offers several nature trails that allow visitors to explore its diverse flora and fauna on foot. The trails offer scenic views of the surrounding hills, valleys, and the Asan River. Trekking enthusiasts can enjoy these moderate trails while taking in the beauty of the sanctuary’s landscape.
• Photography: The sanctuary is a photographer’s delight, offering ample opportunities to capture the stunning landscape, wildlife, and birdlife. The unique interaction between the river, wetlands, and forest provides a dynamic backdrop for photography, especially during sunrise and sunset.
• Fishing: Fishing is permitted in certain areas of the Asan Barrage, with local guides available to assist visitors in fishing. The tranquil environment of the barrage, coupled with the scenic beauty, makes fishing a relaxing and rewarding activity.

How to Reach

Reaching Asan Wildlife Sanctuary is relatively easy, as it is located near the city of Dehradun, which is well-connected by road, rail, and air.

• By Air: The nearest airport to the sanctuary is the Jolly Grant Airport in Dehradun, located around 30 km away from the sanctuary. The airport is well-connected to major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore, and you can take a taxi or local transport to reach the sanctuary from the airport.
• By Rail: Dehradun Railway Station is the nearest railhead, located approximately 10-12 km away from the sanctuary. The railway station is well-connected to major cities like Delhi, Haridwar, and Lucknow. From the station, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the sanctuary.
• By Road: Dehradun is well-connected to various parts of Uttarakhand and neighbouring states via a network of roads. The sanctuary is located just 11 kilometres from the city center. You can reach the sanctuary by hiring a taxi or using public transportation, such as buses that run from Dehradun to nearby towns and villages.
  For those driving their own vehicles, the sanctuary is easily accessible via the Dehradun-Delhi Road (NH-7) and other local roads. The drive is scenic and offers a great opportunity to explore the region’s natural beauty along the way.
• Local Transport: Once in Dehradun, local transport options such as taxis, auto-rickshaws, and buses can be used to reach the sanctuary. The sanctuary is well-signposted, and the local drivers are familiar with the route.

So, The Asan Wildlife Sanctuary, with its diverse flora and fauna, serene landscapes, and proximity to Dehradun, is an ideal destination for nature lovers, birdwatchers, and adventure enthusiasts. The sanctuary offers a peaceful retreat for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life and immerse themselves in nature. With its rich history, variety of attractions, and accessibility, Asan Wildlife Sanctuary is an excellent place for wildlife conservation, ecotourism, and environmental education.

Whether you are interested in birdwatching, trekking, or simply enjoying the scenic beauty of the sanctuary, a visit to Asan Wildlife Sanctuary promises a rejuvenating and memorable experience.